王阳明诗歌儒释道思想阐微

Elucidation of the Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism in Wang Yangming′s Poetry

王阳明兼具哲学家和诗人的双重气质。其诗歌以"龙场悟道"为界分为两个时期,蕴含着丰富的儒、释、道三教思想。阳明诗歌中的儒家思想主要体现为重视内在的道德修养,强调"以诗为教"来承续儒家的诗学传统;著名的"四句教"中又融汇了禅宗心法,透露出禅思的智慧;阳明诗歌中也充满对道教仙境的迷恋,更多流溢的是诗人对洒脱自在的道家情怀的向往,其"龙场悟道""吏隐"等人生经历也与道家情思渊源颇深。王阳明诗歌中的三教思想相互交融,构成了一个不可分割的整体。

Wang Yangming has the double temperaments of philosopher and poet.Divided into two periods with the "The Enlightenment of Longchang" as the boundary,his poems contain the rich thoughts of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.The Confucianism in Yangming′s poems mainly is embodied in the importance of inner moral cultivation and the emphasis of "poetry as teaching" to inherit the Confucian poetictradition;the famous "four-sentence teaching" is incorporated with the Zen-Mind,revealing the wisdom of Zen;his poems were full of the obsession with Taoist Wonderland,showing his longing for the free mood of Taoism."The Enlightenment of Longchang","official hidden" thought,and his life experiences could be connected with Taoism.In a word,the thoughts of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism blended together in Wang Yangming′s poems to constitute an indivisible whole.