论《二十四诗品》之“流动”

On the "Flowing" of Twenty Four Poetic Styles

"流动"为《二十四诗品》的最后一品。作为诗风格的一种,司空图指出"流动"的本源在于自然运动,在于冥无。老子认为"道"是万物存在的本源,且具有无形、无名、效法自然的特点,可看出"流动"与"道"有相通之处。在诗歌中,"流动"主要表现在韵律、意象、情感三个方面。此外,"灵动"和"流动"紧密相连,"流动"强调作品中韵律、意象、情感流转变动,而"灵动"强调意象的灵气,以及意象本身所传达的物性,两者有异有同。

"Flowing" is the last style of Twenty Four Poetic Styles.As a poetic style,Sikong Tu pointed out that "flowing" originated from "natural movement" and "emptiness",which belonged to Taoist philosophy.Lao Zi thought that:"Dao",the origin of all things,is "invisible","nameless" and "natural".We can see that:"flowing" and "Dao" have something in common.In poetry,"flowing" is mainly manifested in rhythm,image and emotion.In addition,"light-floating" and "flowing" are closely linked,which both emphasize " moving",but each of them has different meanings of "moving".The "moving" of the "flowing" emphasizes the change of rhythm,image,and emotion.The " moving" of "light-floating" emphasizes the aura of image and the image itself to convey the physical property.