家庭因素和健康状况对老年人幸福感的影响

The influence of family and health status on happiness among the elderly

目的研究老年人健康状况对幸福感的关系。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,在江苏、河南、陕西三省6个县区284个有60岁以上老人的家庭户,通过问卷调查方式收集资料,分析老人家庭和健康状况对自报幸福感的影响。结果 75.49%的调查老人自报很幸福/比较幸福,总体幸福感较强。三省老年人幸福感有差异,但性别、年龄、文化程度、职业对老人的幸福感没有影响。家庭关系和家庭健康交流是老人幸福感的主要家庭因素,家庭经济、地理位置对老人幸福感没有影响。老人行动能力、自我照顾能力、日常活动能力、身体疼痛、焦虑或抑郁状态等健康状况均对老人幸福感有影响。结论自身健康状况、家庭关系、健康交流是老人幸福感的主要影响因素,建议采取综合干预措施改善老年人健康状态,促进家庭关系和谐,提升老年人主观幸福感受。

Objective To study the relationship between familiar, health factorsand old people＇ s well-being. Methods Using stratified multistage and random sampling method, 284 families with 60 ＋ old people from Jiangsu, Henan and Shaanxi were selected and investigated with the family health questionnaire and elder health questionnaire, lester scales were used to evaluate family relationship and happiness, EQ-5D health scales were used to evaluation health status, family economic and personal information also collected to analysis influencing factors. Results 75.49% old people repor- ted that they feel happiness or very happiness. There is no difference in self-reported happiness between gender, age, educa- tion and occupation groups, while difference was found between regional groups. Family relationship and family health com- munication are main family factors that influencing elder＇ s self-reported happiness. Mobility, self-care, usualactivity, pain/ discomfort, anxiety/depression can influenced happiness. Conclusion Family relation, family health communication and health status can influence older people＇ s happiness, comprehensiveinterventionshould be took to promote elder＇ s health, improve family relationship and enhance their happiness.