当前中国民粹主义思潮的社会政治含义

The Social and Political Connotations of Populism in Current China

从社会动员的意义上看,各种形态的民粹主义兴盛与社会权利不平等密切相关,能够区别的特征,在于它反映出来的社会政治含义。当今中国的民粹主义,具有鲜明的时代特点,一是源于历史和现实因素,且两种因素相互交织,比如民族中心主义史观、精英阶层一定程度的权贵化与腐化以及底层民众的衰落;二是源于混乱的社会思潮和国家主义价值取向,比如极左或极右思潮、狭隘民族主义。防止民粹主义毁坏秩序和阻止民粹主义演变为大众政治,一是推行法治主义,一是要消除社会权利不平等。但从根本上讲,根除民粹主义滋生土壤需要在社会自治的基础上完成社会治理转型和实现公平正义。

In the sense of social mobilization,the rise of populism in various forms is closely related to inequality of social rights.The distinguished feature lies in the social and political connotations it reflects.Nowadays populism in China has a distinctive feature of the times.On one hand,it is derived from historical and practical factors,and the two factors are intertwined,such as ethnocentrism historical view,the dignitaries and corruption of the elite,and the decline of the lower classes.On the other hand,it is derived from chaotic social ideology and nationalism value orientation,such as extreme left or right trends of thoughts and narrow nationalism.To prevent populism from destroying order and stop populism evolving into mass politics,one is to implement of rule of law,one is to eliminate the inequality in social rights.Fundamentally speaking,to eradicate the breeding soil for populism requires transformation of social governance and realization of equity and justice on the basis of social autonomy.