不同配套模式北京油鸡蛋用性能杂种优势分析

Heterosis of Egg-production Performance of Beijing You Hybrid from Different Cross Combinations

研究以北京油鸡(Y)为素材,引入矮脚黄鸡合成品系E系和F系,组成二系(E♂×Y♀)和三系(E♂×(Y♂×F♀))杂交配套,分析杂交后代蛋用性能杂种优势,包括种蛋孵化率、生长发育、蛋品质和产蛋数等。结果显示:北京油鸡二系(EY)和三系杂交后代(EYF)在孵化率、成活率、蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度和蛋黄比率上都表现出杂种优势;由于矮脚品系的导入,EY和EYF在体重上都表现出杂种劣势;EY和EYF的开产日龄与Y系相比都显著提前(P=0.0176),EYF在43周和66周龄产蛋数上均表现出杂种优势,EY在43周龄产蛋数上为杂种优势,但是66周龄产蛋数为杂种劣势;EYF的43周龄和66周龄入舍母鸡产蛋数都显著高于EY(P<0.0001)。表明三系杂交配套后代的杂种优势更明显,蛋用性能更稳定。

Based on BeijingYou chicken （line Y）, the yellow-feather dwarf chicken line E and line F were also introduced to establish a two-line （E♂×Y♀ ） and a three-line （E♂×（Y♂×F♀） cross combination. Their heterosis of egg production performance of hybrid from the combinations was analyzed, including the hatchability, growth performance, egg quality and egg numbers traits. The hybrid from two-line （EY）and three-line cross combinations （EYF）showed heterosis in hatchability, livability, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and yolk percentage. Crossed with the dwarf E line, both EY and EYF showed negative heterosis in body weight. The age at 50% production of EY and EYF was younger than that of Y line （P=0.0176）. EYF showed heterosis in both egg number of 43 and 66 weeks of age. EY showed heterosis in egg number of 43 weeks of age, but not of 66 weeks of age. Egg number of 43 and 66 weeks of age of EYF were higher than that of EY （P〈0.0001）. It＇s suggested that EYF showed better overall egg-production performance.