农村老年人家庭代际关系及其影响因素——基于性别视角的潜在类别分析

Intergenerational Relations of the Rural Elderly Families and Their Influence Factors:A Latent Class Analysis from Gender Perspective

利用"安徽省老年人生活福利状况"调查数据,应用潜在类别分析方法对农村家庭代际关系进行研究。结果发现农村老年人家庭存在五种代际关系类型:亲近型、亲密有间型、近而不亲型、疏离型和矛盾型,且其个体和家庭特征存在显著的性别差异。与老年父亲相比,老年母亲与子女的关系更亲近,但年龄越大越可能有矛盾。女儿比儿子与父母更亲密,且年龄越大关系越亲密。虽然有更多子女可以疏导代际矛盾,但是儿子数量越多越可能造成代际关系疏离。

Using the data from the survey ＂Well-being of Elderly in Anhui Province＂, this study investigated the structure of intergenerational relationship of rural Chinese families. Latent class analysis revealed five types of intergenerational relations ： tight-knit, nearby but discordant, intimate but distant, detached, and ambivalent. The relationship types were also differentiated by the characteristics of individuals and families; relations with mothers tended to have the stronger cohesion, however, with older ones to be more ambivalent. And relationships with adult daughters tended to be stronger cohesion. Although more sons and daughters could weaken the ambivalent relationships, more sons are more likely to cause the detached relationships.