宁夏限制开发生态区区域发展水平空间分异特征及驱动机理

Spatial Pattern and Driving Mechanism of Regional Development Level of the Limited Development Ecological Zones in Ningxia

以宁夏限制开发生态区为研究区,在以乡镇为单元的主体功能区细分方案基础上,集成熵权TOPSIS法、三维趋势分析、PCA、OLS和GWR模型,借助GIS技术和SPSS18.0软件,分析乡镇尺度区域发展水平空间分异规律,探究四类细分单元(禁止开发区、强限制开发区、中限制开发区和弱限制开发区)的区域发展机理。结果表明:(1)宁夏限制开发生态区经济、社会、生态及综合发展水平总体表现为"中部地区低、南北两翼高"的空间格局,空间上呈现"U"型曲线的分异形态。(2)各乡镇单元经济、社会、生态及综合发展水平地域差异明显,整体呈现东北部>南部>中部乡镇的空间分异特征。(3)经济、民生、生态、市场和区位"五大动力"是区域发展的主要驱动因子。(4)经济动力回归系数由南向北呈现先降低而后梯次增加的变化趋势;民生动力和生态动力回归系数呈现由中部地区向南北两翼依次递减的变化趋势;区位动力回归系数由东北部地区向南部地区依次递增;市场动力与区域发展水平关系复杂。因此,重视生态动力、区位动力、民生动力和经济动力的正向推动作用是实现生态环境与社会经济发展"双赢"的有效途径。

Taking the limited development ecological zones in Ningxia as an example, based on the main functional regions＇ subdivision of the township as the unit, a great deal of data about economy, social and ecological environment of 93 townships were collected, to analyze the spatial differentiation of regional development level, and explore the regional development mechanism of four types of segmentation unit （the weak, middle, strong and prohibited development zones） by using the methods of entropy-TOPSIS, three-dimensional trend analysis, principal component analysis（PCA）, ordinary least square（OLS） and geographically weighted regression（GWR）, adopting ArcGIS10.0 spatial data management platform and SPSSI8.0 data analysis software. The results showed that： l）The economic, social, ecological and comprehensive development level performance for the spatial pattern of ＂high central and low south and north＂, presents a ＂U＂ type curve form in the space. 2）The comprehensive and three dimensions of economic, social and ecological development level of the townships present spatial characteristics of north regions. 3）The force of economic, people＇s livelihood, ecological, market and location were the major factors of the limited development ecological zones in Ningxia. 4）Economic force regression coefficients presented first decreases and then increases trends from south to north, the people＇s livelihood and the ecological regression coefficients presented decreasing trend from the central to the north and south; Location regression coefficients present gradually decreasing from the northeast to the south; the relationship between market force and regional rural comprehensive development level was complicated. According to these findings, this paper suggested that paid more attentions to the role of ecological, location, livelihood and economic force is the effective way to achieve the coordinated development of ecological protection and social economy in the future development.