黄土区露天煤矿复垦土地植被覆盖度监测及影响因素

The Calculation Method of Vegetation Coverage and Influencing Factors in Antaibao Open Pit Coal Mine in Loess Area

矿区植被覆盖度对反映矿区生态环境恢复情况有重要的指示作用。选用World View-2影像,选取三种方法对安太堡露天煤矿西排土场植被覆盖度进行估测和精度验证,并分析人类活动对植被恢复的影响。结果表明:研究区45.7%的区域达到中等植被覆盖。估测方法精度都达到0.7以上,估测受背景土壤影响较大,选取TSAVI指数较优,回归模型优于像元二分模型,K-近邻算法适宜地物信息变化剧烈区域。植被配置模式对像元二分模型精度有影响,对其他两种方法影响不大。排土场人类活动形式主要有农业生产、林草地建设与管护、农地复垦、放牧以及道路布设,其中前三项对植被恢复起正向作用,后两项起负向作用。

Remote sensing data can be used to achieve the rapid extraction of ground objects information, and realize the monitoring of land use change and ecological environment changes. In this paper we chose the west dump of Pingshuo Antaibao open mining as the studying area and worldview-2 as the date base, we used three ways to inversion the vegetation coverage in the study area, and the results were compared with the field measurement results, and to analysis the effects of human activities on Vegetation Restoration. The results show that the study area has reached 45.7% which above the average vegetation coverage region. The accuracy of all models have reaches more than 0.7. ;Because the estimation of vegetation coverage in the study area is affected by the background soil, the accuracy of NDVI estimation is lower than that of TSAVI, and the accuracy of regression model estimation is higher than that of Dimidiate Pixel Model. The K- nearest neighbor algorithm is suitable for the region where the ground information changes violently. At the same time, the vegetation allocation has a great impact on the estimation accuracy of the Dimidiate Pixel Model, and has little effect on the other two methods. The forms of human activities on the dump mainly include Agricultural production, forest and grassland construction and management, land reclamation, grazing and road layout. Among them, the first three items play a positive role in vegetation restoration, and the latter two play a negative role. The result shows a great significance for guiding land reclamation work in opencast coal mine.