中国文学性别研究的哲学资源

Philosophical Resources of Gender Studies in Chinese Literature

当前,拓展中国文学性别研究的理论资源,需要透过各种流行思潮,去审察东西方思维中更为本源性的哲学思想资源。对照西方哲学资源的基本格局,我们可以弥补以往理论接受上的结构性偏颇,从而深化性别批评维护个体生命差异性的意识,并在女性主体性建构问题上补上道德追求这一重要维度。返观中国传统哲学资源,我们既要有批判前现代文化阳尊阴卑等级秩序的当代意识,又应该在思想史问题上摒弃简单的线性发展观,突破性别身份限制,充分汲取中国哲学阴阳思维中所建构的不同生命境界,领会庄禅传统中的出世性的心灵自由追求,以之充实女性主体性资源。融会多种哲学资源,可以兼顾多元互补和互为底线两条原则。

To expand the theoretical resources for gender studies in Chinese literature at present, we need to examine the more essential sources of philosophical ideas in both the Eastern and Western minds through various popular currents of thought. By looking at the basic patterns of Western philosophical resources, we can make up for structural bias in the acceptance of previous theories, deepen our awareness of gender criticism in safeguarding the differences of individual life, and make up the important dimension of moral pursuit in the construction of female subjectivity. Returning to the traditional Chinese philosophical resources, we should not only have the modern consciousness to criticize China＇s pre-modern culture that respected males and disregarded females, but also avoid a belief in the simplified and linear development of the history of thought. We need to break through the limitations of gender identity and fully learn from the different realms of life constructed in the yin-yang thinking of Chinese philosophy in order to grasp Chuang-zen tradition＇s pursuit for spiritual freedom and enrich women＇s subjective resources. By integrating a variety of philosophical resources, we can cater to two basic principles, namely pluralism and complementarity of thought and the various thoughts＇ serving as bottom line for each other.