流动妇女的男女平等价值观研究——基于第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据的分析

Gender Equality Values of Migrant Women Based on the 3^(rd) National Survey of the Status of Chinese Women

应用2010年第三期中国妇女社会地位调查结果,本文聚焦从农村向城市流动妇女的男女平等价值观的表现,并比较流动妇女中不同人群的价值观异同,比较流动妇女与流动男性之间、与城镇妇女之间的差异。研究发现,流动妇女普遍具有较高的自我能力认知和较强的独立性。不过,不同职业和不同年龄组的流动妇女在男女平等价值观的认知方面有差异,"80后"流动妇女在很多方面与同龄城市妇女几乎没有差别。相对流动男性而言,流动妇女对就业中的性别歧视现象更为敏感,在这方面与城市妇女相似;但在有关家庭内两性责任和性别分工方面,流动妇女中则存在较大分歧,并与城市妇女有差距。研究结果启示,在推动男女平等价值观时,不可忽视流动妇女的内部差异,更要致力于改变家庭内的传统性别角色分工。

This paper focus on the acceptance of gender equality among migrant women by using the findings of the 3rd National Survey on the Status of Chinese Women, and exams differences among subgroups within migrant women, between migrant women and men, and between migrant women and urban women. Migrant women mostly have a higher self-esteem and are more independent though they differ based on different occupations and age groups and women born after the 1980s are quite similar to their counterparts in urban. Migrant women are more sensitive to gender based discrimination in employment and workplace than migrant men, but close to urban women. However, significant differences exist among migrant women regarding gender roles and division of labor in family, and also between them and urban women. The findings suggest that differences among migrant women are worth noting when promoting gender equality, and more efforts should put into changing traditional gender roles within the family.