张謇的师范教育思想与实践

Zhang Jian' Normal Education Thoughts and Practice

甲午战败后,我国民族危机加重,陷入生死存亡的危急时刻,此时清末状元张謇在日本考察之后认识到只有实业、教育才能救国。因此,为实现其实业救国、教育救国的理想,张謇于1902年创办了第一所民立师范学校——通州师范学校,并亲自拟定了通州师范学校的办学宗旨、招生对象、课程设置、教学管理、实习制度等,形成了一套较为完整的师范教育办学思想,为普及教育、提高国民素质培养了大量优秀的师资,影响深远。通州师范的创立是20世纪中国教育史上的一座丰碑,它代表了中国近代师范教育发展的方向,极具前沿性、开创性与引领性,对当前师范教育的改革、师范教育投资体系建设、师范生实习制度的完善都有着一定的指导价值与启示意义。

After the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War, China had a great national crisis. At this time, Zhang Jian, whosethe champion of the late Qing Dynasty, gone to Japan, and realized that only industrial, education can save the country.Therefore, in order to realize its ideal of saving the country and educating the country, Zhang Jian founded the first civilschooI-Tongzhou Normal University in 1902, and formulated the enrollment target, course setting, teaching management,practice system, etc., forming a complete teacher education school. Thus, he had a great contribution to thepopularization of education and outstanding teachers train. The creation of Tongzhou Normal University is a monument inthe history of Chinese education in the 20th century. It represents the direction of the development of modern teachereducation in China. It is very forward, creating and leading. It has a deep influence on the reform of teacher education,the construction of educational investment system and the improvement of the educational practice,