刘宗周《人谱》书名及理论内涵探微

On the Title and Theoretical Connotation of Liu Zongzhou's Human Spectrum

刘宗周命名《人谱》,其灵感是源于"家谱"概念的,而其目的就是要在人极的基础上构建一个人的谱系。两相比附,可以更加清楚地理解《人谱》书名及其理论内涵:家谱证身世,而《人谱》证心性;家谱寻远祖,而《人谱》寻"意"根;家谱别姓氏,而《人谱》别贤愚。总之,《人谱》书名之含义就是"谱人""证人"。证明人之所以为人,就是要证明人人具有尧舜之性,此为天命之善性。人由于受外物之熏染,难免会产生一些过错,但只要能够"慎独"与"诚意",就能够迁善改过,从而入于圣人之域。可见,《人谱》之书名,与众多著作顾名思义颇为不同,它不仅泛指著作内容,还涉及到著作的思想体系。通过细致的探究,不仅可以更好地理解刘宗周的理学思想,还能更好地促进其传播与接受。

Liu Zongzhou entitled his book Human Spectrum,the inspiration of which was derived from ＂family tree＂ concept,and the purpose of which was to build a personal pedigree on the basis of people.For two-phase comparison,people can more clearly understand the title and theoretical connotation of Human Spectru：Firstly,＂family tree＂ confirms the origin,while Human Spectrumconfirms disposition;Secondly,＂family tree＂ searches the genealogy ancestors,while Human Spectrumsearches the root of ＂meaning＂;Thirdly,＂family tree＂ differentiates genealogy surnames,while Human Spectrum differentiates the sage and the fool.In a word,the meaning of the title is to ＂distinguish man＂ and ＂prove man＂.To prove the reason for being a man is to prove that everyone has the nature of Yao and Shun,which is considered good nature of destiny.Because of the influence of foreign objects,people inevitably make mistakes,but as long as they ＂cautiously live alone＂ and ＂keep sincere＂,they can thus come into the domain of the sage.It is obvious that Human Spectrumis quite different from many other works,whose title give direct suggestion.This title not only refers to the content of the book,but also relates to the ideological system of the book.Through a careful inquiry,people can not only better understand Liu Zongzhou＇s theory of Neo-Confucianism,but also better promote his works＇ communication and acceptance.