情绪影响决策中公平性偏好的实验研究

The Experimental Study of How Emotion Affacts Fairness Preferences In Decision-making

本研究利用实验法,通过将情绪诱导操作引入简化版的最后通牒博弈实验范式,考察了不同情绪效价对决策公平性偏好的影响。研究以250名大学生为被试,共分为两项实验,分别采用国际情绪图片系统(IAPS)和相应的情绪视频作为情绪诱导材料。实验一为单因素三水平(正性情绪、中性情绪、负性情绪诱导)的被试间设计,实验二为单因素四水平(愉快情绪、中性情绪、悲伤情绪、愤怒情绪)的被试间设计。实验结果表明,不同情绪效价下人们对决策的公平性偏好不同:正性效价情绪下实验者更倾向于意图公平,而负性效价情绪下更倾向于结果公平;正性情绪中愉快情绪下实验者更倾向于意图公平,而负性情绪中,人们在愤怒和悲伤情绪下更倾向于结果公平。由此可见,情绪的确在个体的决策公平性偏好中扮演重要角色。

By using the Mini-Uhimatum Game experiment paradigm this study explored how the different type of emotion affacted the fairness preference in decision-making. 250 university students participants were induced to be in differ- ent type of emotion by the International Affective Picture System （IAPS） and videos in Study 1 and 2. The results showed that （ 1 ） In different types of emotion the participants showed different preference for the fairness of deci- sion-making. （2） The participants in positive emotions more preferred the intention-based fairness, whereas the par- ticipants in negative emotions were more preferred results-based fairness. （3） Pleasant emotions made participants prefer intention-based fairness, anger and sad emotions made them more preferred intention-based fairness.