HY-2卫星激光反射器理论分析及激光测距实验

Theoretical analysis of laser retro-reflectors and experiment of laser ranging for HY-2 satellites

激光反射器作为一种被动无源光学合作目标,是人造卫星激光测距系统中的重要组成部分。对于运行在低轨卫星中的激光反射器,既要在较大的激光入射角范围提供服务,又要将角反射器阵列结构所引入的综合测距误差控制在一定范围内,以保证高精度的激光测距,因此绝大多数采用半球形阵列结构。文中以我国海洋二号卫星激光反射器为例,对半球形激光反射器的远场衍射分布、相对有效反射面积分布、距离更正误差分布和激光测距综合精度等核心技术参数进行理论分析。并以国内流动式卫星激光测距系统TROS1000对海洋二号卫星激光反射器进行追踪和激光测距实验,测量结果表明,激光测距内符合精度为1.1 cm,理论分析与实测结果相符。标志着海洋二号卫星激光反射器性能优良,这对以后激光卫星反射器的设计具有指导意义。

As a passive optical cooperative target, the laser retro-reflector is an important part of the laser ranging system. The laser retro-reflector for low earth orbit satellites, provides services in large laser incident angle range, and need to ensure that the error introduced by array structure must be controlled in a certain range. In order to ensure the high precision of laser ranging, most of laser retro-reflectors array structure are hemispherical. In this paper, taking HY-2 satellite laser retro-reflector as an example, the main technical parameters, such as the far-field diffraction distribution, relative effective reflection area distribution, distance correction error distribution and comprehensive precision of laser ranging were analyzed theoretically. The civil TROS1000 mobile satellite laser ranging system was uesd to HY-2 satellite laser retro-feflector, completing laser ranging experiment. The measurement results show that laser ranging accuracy is 1.1 cm, theoretical analysis accords with the experimentalresults. It marks that the laser retro-reflector of HY-2 satellite has excellent performance and has guiding significance for the future design of laser satellite retro-reflector.