石斛类药材品种的历史和现状

The History and Present Situation of Traditional Medicine Dendrobium

综述石斛类药材品种的源流和现状。石斛类药材品种十分复杂,已由一种中药单一基源发展到有众多植物基源,涉及的种类达三四十种。经众多学者考证历代本草中石斛的相关记载,以及近30年的研究整理,石斛品种基本厘清,其成果体现在历版《中国药典》之中。作者认为,2005版《中国药典》新增的"及其近似种"值得商榷;由于鼓槌石斛的化学成分、功能主治与其他石斛不一致,应将鼓槌石斛从石斛条中分出单列;希望重视霍山石斛的质量标准研究,尽早为《中国药典》收载。

The objective of this paper was to review the origin and status of the traditional medicinal plants from Dendrobium genus called＂Shihu＂in Chinese. The medicinal herb named＂Shihu＂has developed from a single source to multiple sources when there are thirty to forty plant species from Dendrobium genus that were granted as＂Shihu＂in traditional Chinese medicinal concept which makes the material market very complicated. After reviewing the historical records of these medicinal plants by many researchers and sorting out relevant studies for nearly 30 years,majority of the original species of this medicinal herb is learned,and the achievements can be reached in each version of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Newly added content in 2005 Chinese Pharmacopoeia described as＂ and its allied species＂ in＂Shihu＂section was debatable. The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Dendrobium chrysotoxum was vastly different from the other Dendrobium species listed as＂ Shihu＂. It is obvious that the plant Dendrobium chrysotoxum should be listed as an independent item. Meanwhile, the study of quality standard of Dendrobium huoshanense should be drawn seriously attention to,and the results should be included in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.