德国初等数学教育面临的挑战与变革

The Challenges, Reforms, and Future Prospects of Elementary and Lower Secondary Mathematics Education in Germany

本文以访谈的形式呈现了对德国初等数学教育面临的挑战、变革与未来期望的讨论。访谈介绍了数学教学的目的、内容以及过程。与过去几年相比,目前德国数学教育更加强调学生的建模能力。"每个学生应该有足够的数学知识"的理念和PISA-2000对德国的消极结果是这一变化的原因。与其他国家一样,德国也面临着一些数学教育的基本问题。文中重点关注平衡问题、一致性问题、课程问题、班级组织形式问题、教育技术问题、教师教育与发展问题。同时,本文也关注德国对解决这些问题的办法。对于未来的展望,能够在现实生活中应用数学、理解数学概念和规则、有独立思考的潜力是德国数学素养的三个主要内容。

This article, in a form of interview, presents a discussion about the challenges, reforms, and the future prospects of mathematics education in Germany. The interview introduces the aims and goals, contents and processes of mathematics teaching. Compared with the guiding ideas some years ago, mathematics education in Germany emphasizes more on modeling today. The causes for this change may be the idea that every student should acquire enough mathematics knowledge and the disappointing results of Germany in the PISA-2000. Like other countries, Germany faces some fundamental problems in mathematics teaching, such as the issues of the balance, coherence , curriculum, organization of the class, educational technology, and teacher education and development. The interview also shows how these problems are going to be tackled in Germany. For the future prospects, being able to apply mathematics in the real world, being able to understand mathematical concepts and rules, and having the potential to cultivate independent thinking are the main concerns of mathematical literacy in Germany.