网络参与政策问题建构的社会条件审视

The Social Condition of Network Participation in Policy Problem Construction

从政策科学发展脉络来看,政策问题建构虽然不曾作为一个明确的主题在政策科学研究中引起关注,但是作为构成要素,政策问题建构从未脱离过政策周期。网络社会的到来,无疑为社会组织与公众发挥自主性参与政策问题建构、共同解决治理问题提供了可能。然而,在实践中却充满波折,除了网民参与能力不足这一直接限制条件,更深刻的约束因素根植于现代社会的官僚主义化及工业社会的控制思维中。网络社会的行为倾向来自现实世界的刺激反应,这就要求网络参与政策问题建构的理性引导与现实世界的社会需求回应相结合,通过网络社会与现实社会在主体构成、价值引导及问题治理方面的融合,促进对话与信任意识的生成,继而改造传统公共行政模式。

The development history of policy science indicates that although policy problem construction never acquires an important position as an explicit topic, as a construction factor, it has never been departed from the policy cycle. The network society undoubtedly provides possibilities for the social organizations and the public to play their active roles in forming policy issues and solve the governance problems together. However, it is not so optimistic in practice. Apart from the deficiencies of netizens＇ participation ability, the deeper constraints are rooted in the bureaucrats of modern society and the controlled thinking in the industrial society. The behaviors in the cyber world were stimulated by the real society and therefore, this requires the rational guidance of network participation in policy problem construction should be in line with the response of social demands, and promote the dialogue and trust awareness generation based on the integration of the subjects structure, value guidance and problem governance between cyber society and real society, so as to change the traditional public administration mode.