欧盟与美国碳市场核查制度建设经验及启示

Experience and Enlightenment of EU and US Carbon Market Verification System Construction

我国即将于2017年启动全国碳市场,在碳交易政策建立和实施过程中,真实、准确的排放数据是其最重要的基础和保障,对企业提交的排放报告进行第三方核查旨在保证数据质量,确立碳交易政策的公信力。欧盟碳市场(EUETS)、美国加州碳市场等都十分重视企业碳排放数据的质量。本文总结了欧盟和美国两个碳市场中的核查制度在政策法规、机构准入、技术规范、监督管理等方面的建设情况,并提出了对我国碳市场核查制度建设的建议。

China is about to start the national carbon market in 2017.Real and reliable emission data is the key basis for emissions trading scheme. The objective of verification of emission data reported by enterprises is to safeguard the data quality and environmental integrity of emissions trading policy. The European and Californian carbon markets attach great importance to emission data quality. This paper analyses the policy setting, institutional access, technical requirement and supervision of the verification system of these markets, and puts forward recommendations regarding verification of China＇s national emissions trading scheme.