短信干预戒烟效果的Meta分析

Effectiveness of SMS for smoking cessation: a meta-analysis

目的系统评价短信干预措施对戒烟的有效性。方法计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、The Cochrane Library和CBM数据库,搜集短信干预戒烟的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为建库至2016年8月。由两位研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入14个RCT,共15 543例参与者。Meta分析结果显示:与常规干预组相比,短信干预可提高CO生化验证戒断率[RR=0.571,95%CI(0.357,0.914),P=0.020]、减少平均每天吸烟支数[SMD=–0.25,95%CI(–0.37,–0.12),P<0.001],但不能改善自报7天时点戒断率[RR=1.149,95%CI(1.014,1.303),P=0.03]。在3个月连续戒断率[RR=0.830,95%CI(0.679,1.014),P=0.069]和30天时点戒烟率[RR=0.878,95%CI(0.687,1.122),P=0.076]方面,两者差异无统计学意义。结论现有证据表明,短信干预对短期戒烟有改善效果。受纳入研究的数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚需要开展更多研究予以验证。

Objective To systematically review the effectiveness of short message intervention on smoking cessation. Methods Databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CBM were searched from inception to August 2016, to collect randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about short message service （SMS） for smoking cessation. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 14 RCTs involving 15 543 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, compared with the control group, no significant difference was found in self-reported three months continuous abstinence （RR=0.830, 95%CI 0.679 to 1.014, P=0.069）, 30 day point quit rate （RR=0.878, 95%CI 0.687 to 1.122, P=0.076）. However, there were significant differences in the self-reported 7-day point abstinence （RR=1.149, 95%CI 1.014 to 1.303, P=0.03）, the CO biochemical verification abstinence （RR=0.571, 95%CI 0.357 to 0.914, P=0.020）, and the average number of cigarettes smoked per day （SMD=-0.25, 95%CI -0.37 to -0.12, P〈0.001）. Conclusion The available evidence indicates that short message intervention has a better effect on short-term smoking cessation. Therefore, more long-term studies are needed to determine the association between SMS and quit smoking behavior.