土壤中对硝基酚迁移转化和去除技术研究进展

Research review of transport fate and techniques for removing p-nitrophenol from soil

对硝基酚是一种有毒难降解有机物,在土壤中的来源众多,其主要来源之一就是农业活动中农药的中间代谢。对硝基酚作为新型污染物进入土壤后易被土壤所吸附进而长期蓄积在土壤中对环境造成影响,其降解特征对环境风险的评估具有重要意义。基于国内外的研究进展,综述了对硝基酚的生物毒性、代谢途径和迁移转化过程,并从物理、化学和生物角度出发对对硝基酚的去除技术进行了论述,进而对其污染的修复进行了展望。

p-Nitrophenol（PNP） is a toxic and persistent organic compound. It has many sources, but is most commonly derived from the in- termediate products of pesticides. PNP is an emerging contaminant; it is easily absorbed by soil particles, accumulates over a long period, and poses a risk to the environment. Therefore, its degradation characteristics are relevant to environmental risk assessment. Based on the results of global research, this paper reviews the biotoxicity, metabolic routes, and transport processes of PNP. Removal using physical, chemical, and biological methods, and PNP pollution prevention are also reviewed.