社会公众对两项食品标签通则的知识、态度、行为调查

Knowledge,attitude,and practice survey on two general rules for food labeling in the public

[目的]了解社会公众对2项食品安全国家标准(《预包装食品标签通则》和《预包装食品营养标签通则》,以下简称"标准")的知识、态度和行为(KAP)的现状,为进一步加强食品安全标准的宣传提供科学依据。[方法]于2015年选择常州市商场、超市、母婴用品专卖店共10家,采用拦截式调查方式,对350名消费者进行2项标准的KAP问卷调查。[结果]回收有效问卷348份,有效率为99.4%。消费者对2项标准的知晓率为59.3%,参与普及标准相关活动的正向态度率为69.4%,使用标准的行为形成率为60.1%。年龄和学历是影响消费者了解标准及实际按标签采购婴幼儿食品的主要因素(P<0.05);年龄和家庭人均月收入是影响消费者愿意按标签选购婴幼儿食品的主要因素(P<0.05)。消费者获知标准的实际途径前三位分别是:政府相关部门组织的宣传活动(58.9%)、宣传栏/手册(34.8%)、电视广播(29.6%);期望获知标准的途径前三位分别是政府相关部门组织的宣传活动(60.1%)、宣传栏/手册(39.4%)、微信(35.6%)。[结论]消费者对2项食品标签通则的知晓率有待进一步提高,应通过多种宣传方式普及标准、深化标准跟踪评价的内涵。

[ Objective ] To understand the status quo of knowledge, attitude, and practice （KAP） on two national food safety standards （General rules for labeling of prepackaged foods and General rules for nutrition labeling of prepackaged foods）, and to provide a scientific basis for further popularizing and implementing national food safety standards. [ Methods ] By intercept interviews, 350 consumers were surveyed using questionnaires on KAP of two national standards in 10 shopping malls, supermarkets, and maternal and infant supplies stores in Changzhou in 2015. [ Results ] A total of 348 valid questionnaires were returned, and the valid response rate was 99.4%. The consumers＇ awareness rate of the two standards was 59.3%. The rate of holding positive attitude toward participating in activities related to popularizing these standards was 69.4%. The rate of applying the standards was 60.1%. Age and educational level were the main factors affecting consumers＇ understanding of the standards and purchasing baby foods according to food labels （P 〈 0.05）. Age and family monthly income per person were the main factors affecting consumers＇ willingness to buy baby foods according to food labels （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, the main ways of gaining knowledge of the two standards were publicity activities organized by relevant government departments （58.9%）, billboards/manuals （34.8%）, and television/radio （29.6%）. The recruited customers expected to gain related knowledge through publicity activities organized by relevant government departments （60.1%）, billboards/manuals （39.4%）, and wechat （35.6%）. [ Conclusion ] The customers＇ awareness rate of the two food labeling standards should be further improved. Multiple publicity methods are required to disseminate food labeling standards and deepen the connotation of food labeling standard tracking evaluation.