以史为据的想象与批评——关于阿尼克斯特的莎士比亚研究

Imagination and Criticism Depending on History Materials:A Case Study of Anikst's Research on Shakespeare

阿尼克斯特是苏联著名莎学家和马克思主义莎学的集大成者。他以马克思主义文艺思想指导莎学研究并独树一帜。文章关注他的代表作《莎士比亚传》和《莎士比亚的创作》,旨在厘清这位伟大批评家的莎士比亚研究路数,指出其以历史唯物主义和史实为依据的批评方法的意义,以期对当下盛行的纯粹以理论为中心的批评范式有所反拨。

Anikst, as a famous researcher on Shakespeare, constructed a new method to study Shake- speare＇ s dramas by using Marxism as theory method. Taking his master piece Shakespeare＇ s Biogra- phy and On Shakespeare＇ s Writings as research objects, the present study tried to illustrate Anikst＇ s writing methods and the significance of his works based on historical materialism and the historical facts. The aim was to present a reverse thought on the popular theoretical - centered critical paradigm.