2007—2016年陕西省渭南市某区193例命案的法医学分析

Medicolegal analysis of 193 homicide cases in a district of Weinan,Shaanxi Province of China from 2007 to 2016

目的回顾性分析既往的命案现场,总结法医学鉴定的要点。方法收集渭南市某区2007—2016年193例命案资料并进行归纳分析。结果被害人及犯罪嫌疑人均以男性、本区户籍、21~40岁、农民、小学文化程度为主;作案动机以侵权居多(52.8%);致伤工具以锐器伤为主(63.8%);损伤部位以多部位损伤为主(32.1%);死亡原因主要为机械性损伤(87.0%)造成的失血性休克及颅脑损伤。结论渭南市某区的命案在犯罪嫌疑人的人口学特征、作案动机、致伤工具、损伤部位、死亡原因等方面均有相似的特点,为今后命案侦破提供了线索及借鉴。

Objective To summarize the key points of forensic medicine appraisal by retrospectively analyzing the scene. Methods The data of 193 homicide cases in a district of Weinan from 2007 to 2016 were collected and analyzed. Results The majority of the criminal suspect and victims was male, aged 21 -40 years old, local, farmers and primary school educational level. Infringement was the majority criminal motivation （52. 8%）. The most common injuries tools were sharp instruments （63.8$） ;multiple parts damage accounted for 32. 1% ;mechanical injury induced hemorrhagic shock and craniocerebral injury were the most common causes of death in these cases （87.0 %）. Conclusions The demographic characteristics of suspects, criminal motivation, injury instruments, distribution of injuries and cause of death in the district of Weinan showed similar general characteristics,which could provide experience and reference for detecting homicide cases in the future.