世界银行在全球发展进程中的角色、优势和主要挑战

World Bank in Global Development: Role, Advantage and Main Challenges

在全球发展进程中,世界银行作为最有影响力的国际组织,为发展中国家提供发展援助资金,深度参与政策讨论,提供技术支持,共享知识产品。在推动全球发展进程中,世界银行具有三个鲜明的优势,一是广阔的全球视野和丰富的国际经验,二是强政策影响力,三是先进的项目管理方法和援助效果评估技术。近年来,世行在发展政策上的领导力和权威性在下降,主要的问题包括提供发展融资支持的影响力弱化,资金支持、政策分析和技术援助对于推动国家长期发展的效果有待完善,内部管理低效、不同部门的政策发声没有合力、发展政策产品的平均质量下降等。在未来的全球发展协商机制中,世行应在创新发展融资模式、推动私营部门进行发展融资领域方面发挥积极作用,还应着眼于中长期全球经济增长,加强发达国家与发展中国家的协调合作,深入在一系列全球性问题、关键话题和前瞻性领域的研究,并引领相应的政策讨论。

The World Bank,one of the most influential international organizations that provide development aid,has helped implement global development agenda through in-depth policy discussion,provision of technical support and sharing of knowledge products.In pushing forward global development,it has had three significant advantages,including wide global vision and rich international experiences,strong influence on policymaking,and mature project management and impact evaluation methodology.In recent years,the bank’s leadership and authority in development policy discussion has weakened.The main problems include reduced influence in development aid provision,unclear effect of funding and knowledge support for pushing forward the long-term development of recipient countries,low efficiency of internal coordination and inconsistent policy assertion of different departments,and reduced average quality of research products.The bank should make more efforts to provide innovative development financing models and help private sector to have access to development financing in global development negotiation mechanism in the future;it should also focus on promotion of mid-and long-term global economic growth,strengthen coordination and cooperation between developed and developing countries,deepen frontier research on major global issues,and lead relevant policy discussion.