杭州市某区幼儿情绪能力与母亲产后抑郁关系的病例对照研究

Relationship between infantile emotional competence and maternal postpartum depression in a district of Hangzhou city:a case-control study

目的探讨杭州市某区幼儿情绪能力与母亲产后抑郁的关系,以提供针对性的预防措施。方法于2016年,按照单纯随机抽样的方法,抽取抗州市某区3个社区的幼儿保健门诊和预防接种门诊的12~36月龄幼儿及其母亲381名。采用病例对照研究,以情绪能力异常的幼儿为病例组(69名),情绪能力正常的幼儿为对照组(312名)。单因素分析母亲产后抑郁在病例组和对照组间的分布特点及其与幼儿情绪能力的相关性;应用多重线性回归分析母亲产后抑郁对幼儿情绪能力的影响。结果病例组与对照组母亲产后抑郁程度比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.274,P=0.001);幼儿情绪能力各维度与母亲产后抑郁各维度得分呈正相关。多重线性分析显示,母亲产后抑郁的幼儿的情绪能力的外显域(β=1.292,P=0.001)、活动度/冲动性(β=0.480,P=0.002)、攻击性/反抗性(β=0.825,P<0.001)、内隐域(β=1.752,P<0.001)、忧郁/退缩(β=0.416,P<0.001)、焦虑(β=0.549,P<0.001)得分更高,异常风险更高。结论幼儿情绪能力异常与母亲产后抑郁呈正相关。建议培养幼儿情绪能力的同时,也要积极预防治疗母亲产后抑郁。

Objective To explore the relationship between infantile emotional competence and maternal postpartum depression in a district of Hangzhou city,provide corresponding preventive measures.Methods A total of 381 infants aged 12-36 months old and their mothers were selected from child care clinic and vaccination clinic in 3 communities in a district of Hangzhou city in 2016 by simple random sampling method.Based on case-control study,69 infants with abnormal emotional competence were enrolled into case group,and 312 infants with normal emotional competence were enrolled into control group.Univariate analysis was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of maternal postpartum depression and the correlation with infantile emotional competence in case group and control group.Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of maternal postpartum depression on infantile emotional competence.Results There was statistically significant difference in the degree of maternal postpartum depression between case group and control group（Z =-3.274,P =0.001）.The score of each dimension of infantile emotional competence was positively correlated with that of each dimension of maternal postpartum depression.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the scores of externalizing scale（β = 1.292,P = 0.001）,activity/impulsivity（β = 0.480,P = 0.002）,aggression/resistance（β = 0.825,P〈0.001）,internalizing scale（β = 1.752,P〈0.001）,depression/flinch（β = 0.416,P〈0.001）,and anxiety（β = 0.549,P〈0.001） were high among the infants whose mothers were suffered from postpartum depression,and the abnormal risk was high.Conclusion Infantile abnormal emotional competence is positively correlated with maternal postpartum depression.It is suggested that maternal postpartum depression should be prevented and treated actively when cultivating infantile emotional competence.