益生菌联合早期微量喂养对早产儿营养及肠道菌群的影响

Effect of probiotics combined with early minimal feeding on nutrition and intestinal flora of premature infants

目的研究口服益生菌联合早期微量喂养对早产儿营养状况和肠道菌群的影响。方法选择2015年1月-2016年12月期间90例符合条件的住院早产儿并随机分为观察组及对照组,两组均给予早期微量喂养,在此基础上,观察组开奶后加用益生菌,分别记录两组的喂养状况,并于生后2 d、10 d、20 d时分别留取患儿大便标本,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测标本中的肠道乳酸杆菌及双歧杆菌。结果观察组喂养不耐受的发生率为7例(15.6%),对照组为22例(48.9%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组在10 d时肠道乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量分别为[(7.84±0.35)cfu/g,(8.52±0.23)cfu/g],对照组分别为[(6.39±0.53)cfu/g,(7.01±0.48)cfu/g],两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组在20 d时肠道乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量分别为[(8.62±1.35)cfu/g,(9.10±1.33)cfu/g],对照组分别为[(7.32±0.80)cfu/g,(7.62±1.22)cfu/g],两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口服益生菌联合早期微量喂养对早产儿营养状况及肠道菌群的形成有明显影响。

Objective To research the effect of probiotics combined with early minimal feeding on nutrition and intestinal flora of premature infants.Methods Ninety hospitalized premature infants meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group from January 2015 to December 2016.The premature infants in the two groups were fed by early minimal feeding,and the premature infants in observation group were fed by probiotics after maternal secretion of colostrum.The feeding situations of premature infants in the two groups were recorded,respectively.Fecal specimens of premature infants in the two groups were obtained at 2,10,and 20 days after birth.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.Results The incidence rates of feeding intolerance in observation group and control group were 15.6%（7 premature infants） and 48.9%（22 premature infants）,respectively,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）.The numbers of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium at 10 days after birth in observation group were（7.84±0.35） cfu/g and（8.52±0.23） cfu/g,respectively;the numbers of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium at 10 days after birth in control group were（6.39 ± 0.53） cfu/g and（7.01±0.48） cfu/g,respectively;there were statistically significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.05）.The numbers of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium at 20 days after birth in observation group were（8.62±1.35） cfu/g and（9.10±1.33） cfu/g,respectively;the numbers of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium at 20 days after birth in control group were（7.32 ± 0.80） cfu/g and（7.62±1.22） cfu/g,respectively;there were statistically significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Oral probiotics combined with early minimal feeding has significant impact on nutritional status and formation of intestinal flora in premature infants.