护栏伤人事故的行为原因研究

Behavior Cause Analysis of the Accident on Guardrail Hurting People

为有效预防护栏卡脖伤人事故的再次发生,统计研究了2008—2016年发生的8起护栏卡脖伤人事故,以事故致因"2-4"模型为分析工具对事故发生的行为原因进行分析,结果表明:事故发生的直接原因包括直接不安全动作即在护栏边休息等,其它不安全动作和不安全物态即形状、间隙大小不合理的护栏等;间接原因是受害者、行人、护栏设计生产者、管理运营者、标准制定者的安全知识、意识、习惯、生理、心理存在问题;根本原因是家庭、社区、公司、生产厂家、管理运营单位、国家标准制定单位等组织安全管理体系的缺欠;根源原因是上述组织的安全文化缺欠。最后,针对事故所涉及的组织分别提出预防对策。

In order to etfectively prevent the accident in which one＇ s neck is stuck in the guardrail, this paper makes statistical analysis on 8 this kind of accidents from 2008 to 2016, using the ＂2 - 4＂ model to analyze the causes of the accidents. Results show that the direct causes of the accident include the following aspects, the direct unsafe acts like resting next to the guardrail, other unsafe acts, and unsafe conditions like guardrails whose shape and size of the gap is not reasonable. The indirect causes mean that the victims, pedestrians, guardrail design producers, operators, management standard setters, have some shortcomings in safety knowledge, awareness, habits, physiological and psy- chological. The radical causes indicate that the safety management system of the organization, such as the family, the community, the company, the manufacturer, the management and operation unit, and the standard making organiza- tion, is not good. The root causes refer to the lack of safety culture of the above - mentioned organizations. Finally, the prevention measures are put forward for the organizations involved in the accident.