闲话周文王与《易经》

Talking about King Wen and the Yi jing

周文王以其忧患意识于狱中演《易》,重叠八卦成六十四卦,排定次序,给予每卦一个卦名并赋予其意义。文王通过《易经》六十四卦与爻辞所要表现的是如何保护百姓、推翻暴政这一首要问题,其次是在建国政策上重视教育、宗教信仰、司法、礼制,再就是选拔人才制度化。六十四卦与爻辞在人的心理建设方面体现了反复的变化、无心的感应、悦乐的精神、知止而返以及诚谦二德的转化,在方法运用方面体现了解困之道、渐字诀、慎字诀、无字诀等方法。将文王与《易经》连结在一起,是为还原文王与《易经》之本来面目,希冀后继者受文王、孔子精神的感召,为世界和平之理想而向前迈进。

The relationship between King Wen（1152-1056 BCE）and the Yi jingcannot be expressed only by the sentence＂[King Wen]developed the eight trigrams into the sixty-four hexagrams＂,as stated by Sima Qian.This article intends to prove that the whole book of the Yi jing was written by King Wen who planned to destroy the Shang dynasty（c.1600-c.1046 BCE）and build a new country.In this article,the author emphasizes King Wen＇s ideal and philosophy in the Yi jingas follows：1）the policy of building a new country includes the establishment of a new political system,an emphasis on education,the necessity of religion,the creation of propriety,an order of human relationships,and institutionalization of the selection of talents;2）the establishment of a psychological set in order to embody reiterated change,direct responsiveness unmediated by mentality,the spirit of joy,awareness of the art of stopping and return,and the two virtues of sincerity and humility;3）the use of methods including the way of solving problems with a gradual and cautious approach,and the idea of non-being.From the above,it can be seen that the Yi jing＇s greatness lies in King Wen＇s experience and wisdom.Through associating King Wen with the Yi jing,this paper aims to restore the original features of the book,and it is the author＇s hope that,inspired by King Wen and Confucius＇ spirit,scholars who follow them can strive for the ideal of world peace.