符号化的“食婴”记忆——莫言《酒国》的文化命题

The Symbolism of “Eating Babyies” Memories: On Mo Yan's Jiuguo

从文化记忆视角看,《酒国》是一部写给过去的将来的作品,通过"婴儿宴"的符号寄寓深刻历史批判性和文化延续性,具有反思当下,指导将来的现实意义。作者使用拼贴的叙事技巧将李一斗个人化的记忆书写穿插在不同故事层面,虚构人物"作家莫言"借助李一斗书写的"肉孩"商品化记忆而重构"食婴"这一"吃人"叙事传统,揭示多个人物生理机能缺失的表象下掩盖着所有人物共同的精神创伤,即道德观念的迷失。从过去记忆中"吃人的宴席"到虚构世界里的"婴儿宴",作者借用文字媒介和文学叙事实现口述记忆到文字书写的载体转换,揭示了个体记忆与群体记忆之间相互影响的动态建构过程,最终指向"人"何以为"人"的传统文化命题。

From the perspective of cultural memory,Jiuguo is a written work to the past,through the ＂baby feast＂symbol of the deep history of critical and cultural continuity,with reflection on the future to guide the practical significance of the future. The author used the collage of narrative techniques to ＂LEE Yidou＂personal memory writing interspersed at different levels of the story,the fictional character ＂Writer Mo Yan＂with＂LEE Yidou＂wrote ＂the baby-boy as food＂commercialized memory and reconstruction ＂eating baby＂this＂Eating People＂narrative tradition,revealing the appearance of multiple characters,lack of physiological function under the cover of all the common trauma of the characters,that is,the loss of moral values. From the past memories of ＂Eating People for the Banquet＂to the fictional world of ＂baby feast＂,the author borrows the text media and literary narrative to achieve oral memory to the writing of the carrier conversion,revealing the interaction between individual memory and group memory dynamic construction process,and ultimately point to＂person＂from the traditional cultural proposition of＂people＂.