吉富罗非鱼对5种蛋白源营养物质表观消化率的比较研究

Comparative study on apparent digestibility of five feed ingredients for Juvenile GIFT strain of Nile Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

试验旨在研究吉富罗非鱼(GIFT Tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus)幼鱼对鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕、棉粕、橡胶籽饼中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总磷、总能和氨基酸的表观消化率。试验饲料由70%基础饲料+30%待测原料组成,并以1.0%的三氧化二铬(Cr_2O_3)作为外源指示剂。选取平均体重为1.73 g/尾的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾鱼。投喂2周后通过虹吸法收集粪便。结果表明:(1)吉富罗非鱼幼鱼对饲料原料干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能、总磷和总氨基酸的表观消化率分别为:63.86%~73.66%、88.70%~93.15%、90.09%~94.27%、64.62%~73.47%、69.33%~86.46%和91.92%~94.80%;(2)5种饲料原料中鱼粉的干物质、粗蛋白质、总能和总磷的表观消化率最高,鱼粉、豆粕、菜粕中粗脂肪表观消化率高于棉籽粕和橡胶籽饼;(3)各饲料原料氨基酸的表观消化率基本维持在86.69%~96.81%之间,各原料氨基酸表观消化率的变化趋势与蛋白质表观消化率的趋势一致。由此可见,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼对鱼粉具有很好的利用效果,其次是菜粕、豆粕、棉籽粕、橡胶籽饼,且植物蛋白源之间的利用效率相当,可视为吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的优质植物蛋白源,在吉富罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中可适量添加,既有利于饲料的营养平衡,还可降低饲料成本。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the apparent digestibility of dry matter （DM）, total phosphorus （TP）, gross energy （GE） and amino acids （AA） in fish meal （FM）, soybean meal （SMB）, cotternseed meal （CSM） and rubber seed meal （RSM） for tilapia （Oreocbromls niloticus）. The experimental diets were consisted of 70% basal diet and 30% test feed ingredients, and 1.0% Cr203 as a exogenous indicator. Tilapia with an average body weight of 1.73 g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group . The fecal samples were collected by instant siphonage method after feeding two weeks. The results showed as follows： ①the range of apparent digestibility of dry matter （DM）, crude protein（CP）, ether extract （EE）, gross energy （GE）, phosphor （P） and total amino acid （TAA） were from 63.86%~73.66%, 88.70%~93.15%, 90.09%~94.27%, 64.62%~73.47%, 69.33%~ 86.46%, and 91.92%~94.80%, respectively. ② In the five diets ingredients , tilapia in fed the fish meal which apparent digestibility of DM, CP, GE, P and AA had the highest efficiency, and the apparent digestibility of EE in fish meal, soy- bean meal and rapeseed meal was higher than that of cottonseed meal and rubber seed cake. ③ The apparent digestibility of the amino acid feed was 86.69%-96.81%, which exhibited a ten- dency trend is consistent with the apparent digestibility of crude protein. In conclusion, the ap-parent digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, essential amino acids and total amino acids of fishmeal was the highest among the five ingredients. In conclusion, fish meal had showed the best utilization ef- fects for tilapia, followed by soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal and rubber seed cake, and the utilization of four plant protein source had quite efficiency of juvenile GIFT Tilapia. It is appropriate to add nutrient balance which is beneficial to feeding and cost.