高原地区不同品种公牛精液冻后活力与存活时间的试验比较

The Comparison Test on Motility of Frozen Semen for Different Breed Bulls in Plateau Region

本研究对青海高寒地区6个品种公牛,共83头份细管冻精解冻后活力进行检测,并在室温(20~25℃)环境条件下保存,以精子活力变化程度评价精子的存活时间和存活力指数。结果表明:0h(解冻时镜检)、4h、8h、12h和14h的活力分别为39.0±3.8、35.7±4.9、30.3±5.5、22.5±5.5和14.6±4.9,活力下降幅度按照时间段分别为3.3、5.4、7.8、7.9个百分点,越往后期,幅度越大。按照品种统计分析:解冻后0h,安格斯牛、褐牛、牦牛、西门塔尔牛之间差异不显著,但均显著低于荷斯坦牛和柴达木黄牛(P<0.05),4h时安格斯牛显著低于其他6个品种(P<0.05);8h时柴达木黄牛显著高于其他6个品种(P<0.05);12h时牦牛显著高于其他品种(P<0.05);14h时牦牛、柴达木黄牛显著高于其他6个品种。应用精子存活力指数综合评价,柴达木黄牛、牦牛、西门塔尔牛、荷斯坦牛、褐牛、安格斯牛分别为466.2、441.0、423.0、414.7、414.0、337.0。精液解冻后活力及保存过程中的活力变化之所以出现品种间的显著差异,遗传影响是重要因素。

In this study, the motility of 83 frozen bovine semen samples of six breeds in Qinghai alpine region was tested. The survival time and vigor index of frozen semen was evaluated by the change of sperm motility at room temperature（20~25℃）. The results showed that the motility was 39.0±3.8, 35.7±4.9, 30.3±5.5, 22.5±5.5 and 14.6±4.9 at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 14 hours, respectively. The amount of motility decline range was 3.3, 5.4, 7.8 and 7.9 percent point in the period of time. The later, the decline range was greater. According to the variety statistics and analysis, there was no significant difference in 0 hour between Angus, Brown cattle, Yak and Simmental, but they were significantly lower than Holstein and Qaidam cattle（P0.05）. In 4 hours Angus was significantly lower than the other six breeds（P0.05）. In 8-hour Qaidam cattle was significantly higher than the others（P0.05）. In 12-hour Yak was significantly higher than the others（P0.05）. In 14-hour Yak and Qaidam cattle were significantly higher than the others. The sperm vigor index of Qaidam cattle, Yaks, Simmental, Holstein, Brown cow, Angus were 466.2, 441.0, 423.0, 414.7, 414.0, 337.0, respectively. The motility of different breeds and different preservation time semen is different. It is influenced by genetic factors.