云南省2015年青年学生艾滋病知识知晓率及相关性行为分析

Survey on awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge and related sexual behaviors among young students in Yunnan province in 2015

目的了解2015年云南省青年学生艾滋病知识知晓率以及相关性行为状况,为制定干预政策提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法 ,对云南省16个州(市)的职高、中专、大专和大学的在校青年学生进行问卷调查,收集人口学、艾滋病基本知识及相关性行为资料,采用SPSS 17.0进行分析。结果共调查12 958名青年学生,艾滋病基本知识知晓率为83.9%(10 875/12 958),性行为发生率为13.5%(1 744/12 958)。在有性行为经历的青年学生中,最近一年临时性行为发生率为20.0%(349/1 744),有76人曾发生商业性行为;最近一年发生性行为时安全套从未使用达40.0%(106/265),每次都用仅为1.9%(5/265)。男生未使用原因:本人不愿意使用最高25.6%(43/168);女生,对方不愿意使用最高19.5%(16/82)。在全体男生中,最近一年,与男性发生肛交行为的有43人,其中48.8%(21/43)为商业性行为,有两个及以上同性性伴占58.1%(25/43)。结论各类高校在性健康教育和艾滋病知识宣传中应注重性别差异,加强男性安全性观念和安全套使用观念教育,同时加强对商业性行为及临时性行为危害的宣传,增强青年学生的自我保护意识,疾病预防控制中心在接受青少年男男性行为者自愿咨询检测服务时,可加强随访管理,开展针对性的干预服务,降低青年学生艾滋病病毒感染率。

Objective To understand the awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge and related sexual behaviors among young students in Yunnan province in 2015, in order to provide scientific basis for intervention measures among the young students. Methods The young students from vocational schools, technical secondary schools, junior colleges and universities of all the 16 prefectures in Yunnan had been interviewed by stratified cluster sampling method. The information was collected covering basic demography, HIV/AIDS knowledge and related sexual behaviors. Results The overall awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge was 83.9%（10875/12958） and the occurrence rate of sexual behavior was 13.5%（1744/12958） among the collected 12 958 effective questionnaires. Among those who had sexual behaviors, the incidence rate of sex with temporary partners was 20.0%（349/1744） and 76 people had commercial sexual behaviors in recent year. 40%（106/265） never used condom while only 1.9%（5/265） used it every intercourse last year. The unused reasons for male students were that, ＂I do not want to use＂, which was the highest 25.6%（43/168）; for female students, ＂my partner is not willing to use＂ was the highest 19.5%（16/82）. In the last year, 43 males had anal sex with men, of which 48.8%（21/43） were commercial sexual behaviors and 58.1%（25/43） of them had multiple homosexual partners. Conclusion Attention should be paid to gender differences and condom use should be strengthened, especially for male students, to let them know the harmfulness of commercial sex behavior and casual sex with temporary partners. VCT services should be strengthened too for young MSM as well as the follow-up management to reduce the rate of HIV infection among young students.