基于水生无脊椎动物完整性指数的三江平原沼泽湿地健康评价

Health Assessment of Marsh Wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain Using Index of Biotic Integrity of Aquatic Invertebrates

采用水生无脊椎动物完整性指数,评价三江平原典型沼泽湿地健康状况。在三江平原15处典型沼泽湿地(6处参照沼泽湿地,9处非参照沼泽湿地)中,采集的水生无脊椎动物样品;利用测试样品获得的数据,对18个候选指标进行分布范围、判别能力及相关分析,确定了由总分类单元数、腹足纲%、耐污类群%和捕食者%构成的水生无脊椎动物完整性指数核心指标;采用比值法计算各生物参数值,并将各参数值加和得到水生无脊椎动物完整性指数值。以参照湿地水生无脊椎动物完整性指数值的25%分位数作为健康基准值,≥25%分位数值,认为无干扰;对小于25%分位数的值3等分,确定三江平原典型沼泽湿地健康评价标准:≥2.80为无干扰,1.87~2.80为轻度干扰,0.93~1.87为中度干扰,0~0.93为重度干扰。结果表明,所调查的三江平原典型沼泽湿地有33.3%受到了中重度干扰,66.7%属于无干扰和轻度干扰。水生无脊椎动物完整性指数值与水体p H、电导率和总悬浮颗粒物含量显著负相关。

Aquatic invertebrates＇ integrity index was used to evaluate the health of typical marsh wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain. Aquatic invertebrates＇ assemblages were collected from 15 typical marsh wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain, including 6 marsh wetlands that were undisturbed or less disturbed and 9 marsh wetlands that were disturbed. The range of index value distribution, discrimination ability and correlation were analyzed for the 18 candidate metrics, determine the final aquatic invertebrate integrity index including 4 metrics of total taxa, gastropods%, resistant group% and Predator%. The values of metrics were calculated through ratio scoring method, and the values of Aquatic Invertebrates Integrity Index were calculated as sum of the 4 biological indexes. The 25% quantile value of reference wetland was regarded as a health reference value. No interference was determined when the value was no less than 25% quantile value. As to the values of Aquatic Invertebrates Integrity Index that was less than 25% range of 3 aliquots to established aquatic invertebrate integrity index health assessment criteria of Sanjiang Plain： ≥2.80 for non-impaired, 1.87-2.80 for slight-impaired,0.93-1.87 for moderate-impaired, 0-0.93 for severe-impaired. The results showed that 33.3% of the marsh wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain were seriously disturbed, and 66.7% of the marsh wetlands were slightly disturbed or under natural condition. Aquatic invertebrate integrity index was negatively correlated with p H, conductivity and content of total dissolved solids in waters significantly.