社会经济史视野下的义图制研究述评

A Review of “Yitu System” from the Perspectives of Socio-economic History

义图是以"图"为基本单位的自治性、组合性的征税组织,其构成者是以当地非特权地主为中心的中小土地所有者。其推行范围包括江西和江苏部分地区,这种制度的范围在清代是局部的。本文对义图制的研究成果进行了梳理,对扩展和深化义图制的研究提出了两点建议:第一,可以以江西省作为田野调查的区域,大量搜集族谱、契约、碑刻、图册等民间文献,从而扩充义图制研究的史料,为扩展和深化义图制研究提供可靠的材料基础。第二,转换研究的视角,把眼光投向地方社会,将义图制的研究放置于区域社会历史的发展过程中去研究。

＂Yitu＂ was a self-governing and combinatorial tax organization based on the ＂Tu＂（图）, consisting of small and medium-sized land owners who were the local non-privileged landlords. Its implementation covered parts of Jiangxi and Jiangsu Province, and the scope of the system was localized in the Qing dynasty. The paper sorts out the research results of the ＂Yitu system＂, and puts forward two suggestions for extending and deepening the study of the ＂Yitu system＂： First, Jiangxi Province can be taken as a fieldwork research area where a large number of folk literature can be collected, such as genealogies and contracts, inscriptions, atlas, etc. In this way, historical study materials of the ＂Yitu system＂ can be enriched, which can provide reliable basis to broaden and deepen relative research. Secondly, the perspective of study should be transformed, which is to be turned to the local society, and the study of the ＂Yitu system＂ should be put into the developing progress of regional social history.