骨钙素及其受体对能量代谢的调节机制

Regulatory mechanism for energy metabolism by osteocalcin and its receptors

骨钙素主要是由成熟的成骨细胞分泌的特异性的非胶原蛋白，可分为羧化骨钙素和非羧化骨钙素。越来越多的研究显示，骨钙素除了可以调节骨基质矿化和骨形成外，还可以增加胰岛素的分泌和胰岛β细胞增殖、减少内脏脂肪、改善胰岛素抵抗，与能量代谢密切相关。G蛋白耦联受体C家族6组成员A（GPRC6A）为骨钙素的受体，参与了相关的机体生理反应。胰岛素信号通路对骨钙素合成起到了调节作用。骨钙素有望成为治疗2型糖尿病、肥胖症等代谢性疾病的新靶点。

Osteocalein is mainly secreted by mature osteoblasts as specific noneollagenprotein, which can be devided into earboxylated osteoealein and uncarboxylated osteocalcin. More and more studies show that osteocalcin can improve energy metabolism by enhancing insulin secretion, increasing islet 13 cell proliferation, reducing visceral adipose tissue, and improving insulin resistance besides regulating bone ma- trix mineralization and bone formation. As the receptor of osteocalcin, G protein coupled receptor C group 6A takes part in the associated body physiological response. The insulin signaling pathway participates in the regulation of osteoealein synthesis. Osteoealcin is expected to become a new target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, obesity and other metabolic diseases.