试析1949～1978年新中国对港澳问题政策的制定及意义

On the Formulation and Significance of the New China's Policy on Hong Kong and Macao Issue in 1949～1978

港澳问题是历史遗留问题,对港澳问题政策的制定受当时历史条件的影响。早在新中国成立前夕,毛泽东就提出"暂时不动"港澳的方针;新中国成立后至20世纪50年代,中共第一代中央领导集体明确以"暂时不动"的方针指导对港澳的工作;六七十年代,进一步丰富了对港澳"长期打算,充分利用"八字方针的内涵。中共第一代中央领导集体对港澳问题的政策是在实事求是的基础上为实现维护国家主权、推进祖国统一的目标而提出的,蕴含着宝贵的历史经验,为邓小平提出"一国两制"提供了基础和前提。

The issue of Hong Kong and Macao is a historic legacy of the new China, the formulation of the new China's policy on Hong Kong and Macao Issue was influenced by the historical conditions of that time. Early on the eve of the founding of the new China, Mao Zedong put forward the idea of "temporarily not returning" Hong Kong and Macao; from the founding of the new China to the 1950's, the first generation of the Central leaders of the CPC clearly guided the work of Hong Kong and Macao by the idea of "temporarily not returning ". In the 1960's and 1970's, they further enriched the connotation of "long-term plan, fully use" for Hong Kong and Macao. The policy of the CPC's first generation of the Central leadership to the issue of Hong Kong and Macao is to realize the goal of safeguarding national sovereignty and promoting reunification of the motherland on the basis of seeking truth from facts which contains valuable historical experience and provides the foundation and precondition for "one country, two systems" creatively put forward by Deng Xiaoping in the 1980's.