大型管道输水系统充水过程瞬变流研究进展

Advances in water filling transients in large pipeline transfer systems

充水过程是大型管道输水系统在建成或检修后的第一道工作程序,其瞬变流特性对工程的安全运行具有直接影响。关于充水过程瞬变流的分析,目前国内外的研究主要集中在明渠、隧洞和倒虹吸等输水系统,而在有压管道输水系统中的充水瞬变流研究相对较少。本文讨论了管道充水过程瞬变流计算模型,分析了充水过程中可能出现的水柱分离及弥合现象所需要的计算方法,总结了用于充水过程水锤防护的空气阀计算模型及求解方法,指明了管道输水系统充水过程瞬变流研究前沿与发展方向。相关成果对管道输水系统的工程设计和优化运行具有参考价值。

Water filling process is the first step after the completion of construction, or maintenance, of a large pipeline water transfer system, and in this process hydraulic transients have a direct impact on the safe operation of the system. Previous studies of water filling transients mainly focused on the transfer facilities such as open channels, tunnels and inverted siphons, but water filling studies on long pressurized pipeline transfer systems were relatively lacking. This paper discusses numerical models of the water filling transients in a pipeline system, and analyzes calculation methods of the water column separation and rejoining during the filling process. A review on the-state-of-art of numerical models and solution algorithms for simulating air valve operation to protect against water hammer during the filling process has been undertaken, and the direction of future studies on of the water filling transients in pipeline systems is suggested.