基于关键点评价的考核系统在护理实习生临床技能培养中的应用

Application of assessment system based on key points in clinical skills training among nursing interns

目的 探讨基于关键点评价的考核系统在护理实习生临床技能培养中的应用效果.方法 采用便利抽样法,于2016年1—12月选择郑州大学附属肿瘤医院护理实习生为研究对象,按照实习先后顺序进行分组,2016年1月到医院实习者为试验组,2016年6月到医院实习者为对照组,每组各50人.对照组采用传统的技能培训和考核,试验组采用基于关键点评价的考核系统,采用批判性思维能力测评量表比较两组实习生的批判性思维能力.结果 培训后,试验组护理实习生的批判性思维能力测评量表总分为（299.82±26.95）分,高于对照组的（283.41±24.24）分,差异有统计学意义（t=3.201,P=0.002）,试验组批判性思维能力测评量表7个维度得分分别为（41.18±4.12）、（40.27±3.16）、（46.10±2.00）、（40.11±5.31）、（42.97±5.05）、（43.96±3.88）、（45.23±3.08）分,高于对照组的（39.62±3.09）、（38.62±4.15）、（42.04±2.95）、（37.92±3.65）、（39.50±3.57）、（41.82±5.17）、（43.51±2.64）分,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2.142、2.237、8.074、2.402、3.967、2.341、2.981;P〈0.05）.结论 基于关键点评价的考核系统能够有效提高护理实习生的批判性思维能力,值得推广应用.

Objective To explore the effects of assessment system based on key points in clinical skills training among nursing interns.Methods Nursing interns of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected as study subjects from January to December 2016 by the method of convenience sampling. They were divided into experimental group （n=50, practice started from January 2016） and control group （n=50, practice started from June 2016） according to the order of internship. Students in control group adopted the conventional skill training and assessment, while students in experimental group received the assessment system based on key points. Critical thinking skills of nursing interns of both groups were compared with the critical thinking disposition inventory （CTDI）.Results After training, the total score of CTDI of students （299.82±26.95） in experimental group was higher than that （283.41±24.24） in control group with a significant difference （t=3.201,P=0.002）. The scores of 7 dimensions in CTDI were （41.18±4.12）, （40.27±3.16）, （46.10±2.00）, （40.11±5.31）, （42.97±5.05）, （43.96±3.88）, （45.23±3.08） significantly higher than those in control group[（39.62±3.09）, （38.62±4.15）, （42.04±2.95）, （37.92±3.65）, （39.50±3.57）, （41.82±5.17）, （43.51±2.64）] （t=2.142, 2.237, 8.074, 2.402, 3.967, 2.341, 2.981;P〈0.05）.Conclusions The assessment system based on key points can effectively improve the critical thinking skills of nursing interns. It is worth to be used widely.