炎症性肠病患者心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Mental health status and its influencing factors among patients with inflammatory bowel disease

目的 调查炎症性肠病患者心理健康现状,并分析其影响因素,为改善炎症性肠病患者生活质量提供参考依据.方法 采用便利抽样法选取2015年6月—2017年2月于无锡市第二人民医院消化内科门诊就诊及住院的炎症性肠病患者160例作为研究对象.采用自行设计的一般资料调查表,结合症状自评量表（SCL-90）、社会支持量表（SSRS）、家庭关怀度量表（APGAR）对患者进行问卷调查.结果 炎症性肠病患者心理健康阳性检出率为25.6%,SCL-90总分为（144.81±46.01）分,高于2006年全国常模,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.各因子分与2006年全国常模比较,患者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子得分均较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.不同年龄、月收入、病程、病情严重程度、社会支持、家庭功能、负性生活事件的炎症性肠病患者心理健康水平差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.多元逐步线性回归分析显示,病程、社会支持、家庭功能、负性生活事件是炎症性肠病患者心理健康主要影响因素,可解释患者心理健康状况总变异的28.1%.结论 炎症性肠病患者心理健康状况较差,患者病程、社会支持、家庭功能以及负性生活事件是严重影响患者心理健康状况的主要因素,临床护士应及时采取相应心理护理措施,改善患者生活质量.

Objective To explore the mental health status among patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide a reference for improving the quality of life among these patients. Methods A total of 160 outpatients and inpatients with IBD in the Department of Gastroenterology at Wuxi Second People＇s Hospital were selected by convenience sampling from June 2015 to February 2017. They were investigated with the self-designed general information questionnaire, symptom checklist （SCL-90）, social support scale （SSRS）, adaptation, partnership, growth, affection and resolve （APGAR）. Results The positive detection rate of mental health among patients with IBD was 25.6%. The total score of SCL-90 （144.81±46.01） was significantly higher than the national norm of 2006 （P〈0.05）. Compared with the national norm of 2006, the scores of factors in somatization, depression, anxiety were higher with significant differences （P〈0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in mental health levels among different ages, monthly income, duration and severity of disease, social support, family function and negative life events （P〈0.05）. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the major influencing factors of mental health among patients with IBD were the duration of disease, social support, family function and negative life events interpreting 28.1% of the total variance on mental health status among patients. Conclusions The mental health status among patients with IBD is poor. The duration of disease, social support, family function and negative life events are the major influencing factors of mental health status of patients. Nurses should carry out correspondingly mental nursing intervention in time to improve the quality of life of patients.