休闲活动、健康自评对老年人主观幸福感的影响研究

The Influence on Subjective Well-being of the Elderly from Leisure Activities and Self-reported Health

随着我国人口老龄化程度加深和老年人预期寿命的延长,其生活质量和幸福感水平的提高离不开积极的社会参与。休闲活动作为社会参与的重要内容,对提高老年人的生活质量和幸福感具有重要作用。文章根据中国老年人健康长寿影响因素跟踪调查数据并基于多元回归模型,考察了不同年龄段老年人休闲活动参与、健康自评对其主观幸福感的影响差异并检验了健康自评的中介效应。结果显示:休闲活动参与度和健康自评对老年人主观幸福感影响显著,均与老年人的积极情绪显著正相关,与其消极情绪负相关;参加休闲活动对其积极情绪的促进作用大于对其消极情绪的缓解效应;休闲活动在不同年龄段老年人身上产生的影响存在差异;老年人健康自评在休闲活动参与和主观幸福感之间发挥了部分中介效应。

With the deepening of population aging and the extension of life expectancy of the elderly,the improvement of the quality of the elderlies＇ life and well-being can not be separated from active social participation. Leisure activities,as an important part of social participation,play an important role in improving the quality of life and well-being of the elderly. Based on the survey data of Chinese elderly health and longevity and the regression model,the paper analyzes the impacts of the participation in leisure activities and self-reported health on the subjective well-being of the elderly in different age groups,and tests the mediating effect on selfreported health. The results show that participation in leisure activities and self-reported health have significant effects on the subjective well-being of the elderly,and positively correlated with the positive emotion of the elderly,negatively correlated with negative emotion;The positive effect of leisure activities on the positive emotions is greater than that on the negative emotions; There is a difference in the role of leisure activities among the elderly in different age groups; The self-reported health of the elderly plays a role of mediating effect between the participation of leisure activities and subjective well-being.