2015年南通市开发区居民死因监测与减寿分析

Death causes monitoring and potential years of life lost analysis among residents in development area of Nantong City in 2015

目的了解南通市开发区居民死亡特点及其所致寿命损失特征,为制定综合防治措施提供依据。方法采用国际疾病分类ICD-10进行编码,通过计算死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLLR)及期望寿命等指标,分析2015年南通市开发区居民死亡和减寿的主要原因。结果 2015年南通市开发区共死亡1 076例,粗死亡率723.10/10万,标化死亡率339.02/10万,男性高于女性(χ2=20.19,P<0.01);前5位死因顺位依次为恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害,占全死因的80.86%。恶性肿瘤、伤害和心脏病在减寿顺位中位于前3位,其PYLLR分别为9.06‰、4.10‰和2.06‰;平均减寿年数(AYLL)分析发现伤害居首位,为19.67年/人,是该区居民早死的主要原因;2015年该区居民人均期望寿命为82.35岁,去除前5位死因的影响,居民期望寿命提高了9.45岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)和伤害是造成南通市开发区居民死亡和影响居民健康的主要疾病,应加强对慢性病及意外伤害危险因素干预工作,进一步提高居民的期望寿命和生存质量。

[Objective] To understand the characteristics of death and its potential years of life lost among residents in development area of Nantong City,and provide the scientific evidence for formulating the comprehensive prevention measures.[Methods]The International Classification of Diseases（ICD-10）was used to code. The major causes of death and loss of life among residents in development area of Nantong City in 2015 were analyzed by calculating the mortality,standardized mortality,potential years of life lost（PYLL）,potential years of life lost rate（PYLLR）and life expectancy.[Results]A total of 1 076 death cases were reported in development area of Nantong City in 2015. The crude mortality and age-standardized mortality were723.10/100 000 and 339.02/100 000,which was higher in male than that in female（χ2=20.19,P0.01）. The top 5 main causes of death in order were cancer,cerebrovascular disease,heart disease,respiratory disease and injury,which were accounted for80.86% of all deaths. Cancer,injury and heart disease were ranking the top 3 causes of potential years of life lost with the PYLLR were 9.06‰,4.10‰ and 2.06‰,respectively. The AYLL analysis showed that the injury topped the list,which was 19.67 years per person,and it＇s the main reasons of early death among residents in this area. The average life expectancy was 82.35 years,which could be increased by 9.45 years when top 5 causes of death were excluded. [Conclusion]Chronic non-communicable diseases（CNCD）and injuries are the main diseases of death and effecting health among residents in development area of Nantong City. The intervention work of risk factors of chronic diseases and accidental injury should be strengthened to further improve the life expectancy and life quality.