缩唇腹式呼吸锻炼对心脏术后老年病人睡眠质量的影响

Effects of abdominal contraction and abdominal breathing exercises on sleep quality in elderly patients with cardiac surgery

目的探索缩唇腹式呼吸锻炼对老年心脏术后病人睡眠质量的影响,为老年病人睡眠质量干预提供理论指导。方法选取2014年1月至2016年12月于我院接受治疗的86例心脏术后老年病人为研究对象,按照随机数字表法平均分成2组,其中43例心脏术后进行常规护理方案的病人为对照组,其余43例在常规护理方案上添加缩唇腹式呼吸锻炼治疗的病人为观察组。采用国际匹兹堡睡眠质量(PSQI)评价量表对治疗前后病人睡眠质量进行评价,同时检测并比较治疗前后心功能各项指标包括心率、B型尿钠肽(BNP)、血氧饱和度(Sp O2)、收缩压,不良反应发生率以及治疗效果。结果 2组治疗前PSQI评分差异无统计学意义,观察组病人接受缩唇腹式呼吸锻炼后睡眠质量提升明显,且提升幅度较对照组大。观察组治疗后心率、BNP水平分别为(61.13±18.79)次/min、(146.48±27.71)μg/L,较对照组病人[(71.27±20.22)次/min、(432.39±34.49)μg/L]下降明显。对照组不良反应发生率高于观察组,治疗有效率低于观察组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论缩唇腹式呼吸锻炼能够有效提高心脏术后老年病人睡眠质量,缩唇腹式呼吸锻炼方法训练过程简便,适合病人进行长期锻炼,适合临床推广。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of abdominal contraction breathing exercises on the sleep quality of elderly patients after cardiac surgery,and to provide theoretical guidance for the prognosis of elderly patients with sleep disorder. Methods Eighty-six patients from January 2014 to December 2016 in our hospital were selected,and divided into two groups according to randomized number, including 43 cases receiving routine nursing method（ control group）,and 43 cases receiving shrinking lips abdominal breathing exercise therapy on the basis of control group（ observation group）. The scores of P ittsburgh International Sleep Quality Assessment Scale（ P SQI） were evaluated before and after treatment. And heart function indexes including heart rate,BNP,Sp O2,systolic blood pressure were detected and compared between two groups. The adverse reactions and the effect of the treatment between the two groups were also compared.Results The P SQI score were of no significant difference before treatment in the two groups. After treatment,the P SQI score of the observation group improved significantly than that of before and the control group. The levels of heart rate and BNP in the observation group after treatment were 61. 13 ±18. 79/min,146. 48 ± 27. 71 μg/L respectively,compared with the control group（ 71. 27 ± 20. 22/min,432. 39 ± 34. 49 μg/L（ P〈0. 05）. Adverse reactions rate was fewer and the effect rate was higher in the observation group than that of the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Contraction lip abdominal breathing exercises can effectively improve the sleep quality of elderly patients after cardiac surgery,and the training process of pursed lip breathing exercises is simple and suitable for long-term exercise,which is suitable for clinical promotion.