焦亡的研究进展及胰腺腺泡细胞焦亡的研究现状

Progress in research of pyroptosis of pancreatic acinar cells

焦亡是一种caspase-1/4/5/11介导的程序性细胞死亡方式,腺泡细胞死亡方式是急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)早期最重要的病理学变化,不同的死亡方式可影响AP病情发展.目前大部分学者认为凋亡腺泡细胞比例增加可以减轻AP病情,而坏死则相反.我们前期实验中用电镜观察AP腺泡细胞的形态,发现许多细胞非常符合焦亡特点,免疫组织化学结果发现AP腺泡细胞存在caspase-1活化.提示焦亡可能参与的炎症反应.因此了解细胞焦亡的发生和调控,分析和探讨AP腺泡细胞可能发生焦亡的机制及临床意义,有助于为AP的临床诊治提供新思路.但其深层机制仍需进一步实验证明.

Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death mediated by caspases-1/4/5/11. Pancreatic acinar cell death is the major pathophysiological change in early acute pancreatitis（AP）,which is an important factor determining its progression and prognosis. Different ways of cell death affect AP progression differently.At present, most scholars believe that the increased proportion of apoptotic cells can mitigate AP, while necrosis has an opposite effect. In our early study, we used electron microscope to observe the morphology of acinar cells and found that there are many cells consistent with the characteristics of pyroptosis.The expression of caspase-1 was analyzed via immunohistochemical staining in acinar cells in AP, which suggests that pyroptosis may play a role in acinar cell death and inflammation.In this review, we review the recent findings regarding the occurrence and modulation of pyroptosis by caspase-1 and inflammsome, and in particular, discuss the potential mechanism and clinical significance of pyroptosis in AP,with an aim to provide new clues to the clinical diagnosis and therapy of this disease.