椎基底动脉扩张延长症发病的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for the pathogenesis of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia

目的分析椎基底动脉扩张延长症发病的危险因素。方法本研究收集2016年9月~2017年9月牡丹江医学院红旗医院神经内科入院脑梗死患者200例为研究对象,根据MRA或CTA检查诊断分为椎基底动脉扩张延长症(VBD)患者100例(VBD组)及非VBD患者100例(非VBD组),观察、分析椎基底动脉扩张延长症发病的危险因素。结果 VBD组的年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、合并基础疾病包括高血压、高脂血症、高同型半胱氨酸血症、冠心病、脑卒中、高尿酸血症、合并两种或三种及以上基础疾病、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C方面与非VBD组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组在性别、糖尿病、BMI方面比较,差异不显著。采用非条件Logistic回归分析法,对椎基底动脉扩张延长症发病的危险因素进行分析,吸烟史、饮酒史、合并脑卒中、高血压、冠心病及两种或三种及以上基础疾病均为导致椎基底动脉扩张延长症发病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论椎基底动脉扩张延长症临床表现复杂,危险因素较多,临床应对VBD发病的危险因素予以广泛重视,对合并高血压、吸烟、高脂血症的患者应及时干预,从而为脑梗死的预防及治疗提供新思路。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. Methods A total of 200 patients with cerebral infarction in the Department of Neurology in Mudanjiang Medical College Hongqi Hospital from September 2016 to September 2017 were enrolled in this study. According to MRA or CTA, the patients were divided into 100 patients with vertebrobasilar doliehoectasia（VBD group） and non-VBD patients（non-VBD group）. The risk factors for vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia were observed and analyzed. Results There were statistically significant differences in the age, smoking history, history of drinking, and basic diseases including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, coronary heart disease, cerebral stroke, hyperuricemia, the combination of two or three or more underlying diseases, TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C between the VBD group and non-VBD group（P〈0.05）. But there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, diabetes mellitus and BMI. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. Smoking, alcohol consumption, the combination of cerebral stroke, hypertension, coronary heart disease and two or more basic diseases were the risk factors for the onset of vertebrobasilar doliehoectasia（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The clinical manifestation of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia is complicated and there are many risk factors. The risk factors of VBD should be paid more attention. The patients with hypertension, smoking and hyperlipidemia should be intervened in time to provide new ideas for the cerebral infarction prevention and treatment.