爱欲的批判与建构——论爱欲在马尔库塞社会理论中的地位

The Critical and Constructive Role of Eros:On Eros in Marcuse's Social Theory

作为法兰克福学派第一代的代表人物,马尔库塞尝试从弗洛伊德的本能理论出发来建构自己的批判理论。本文以马尔库塞的"爱欲"概念为核心,梳理了他从推崇理性到寄希望于爱欲的思想转变,分析了爱欲在马尔库塞批判资本主义社会和重建非压抑性社会时起到的理论支持作用,突出了爱欲思想在马尔库塞整个思想体系中承前启后的地位。

As one of the representative figures in the first generation of the Frankfurt School,Marcuse managed to build his own critical theory based on Freud's instinct theory. This article,concentrating on the concept of"eros",attempts to present: first,how Marcus' thoughts changed from praising reason to hoping eros; secondly,how this concept supported Marcus' critique of Capitalism societies and the reconstruction of a non-repressive society; and thirdly,how it served as a bridge which integrated Marcus' thoughts into a whole system.