不同类型环境规制对国际R&D溢出效应的影响比较研究——以长江经济带为例

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION ON INTERNATIONAL R&D SPILLOVERS:A CASE STUDY OF THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT

基于2003~2014年长江经济带的省际面板数据探讨了不同类型的环境规制对国际R&D溢出效应的影响,通过熵值法客观赋权,构建命令控制型、市场激励型和自愿参与型3种环境规制指数,进一步考察了不同类型的环境规制对国际R&D溢出的影响。研究表明:(1)环境规制对国际R&D溢出水平呈现"反N型"曲线关系,虽然类型不同,但随着环境规制强度不断提升,国际R&D溢出效应均呈现先下降、后上升、再下降的趋势;(2)不同类型的环境规制对国际R&D溢出的作用具有异质性,当前在长江经济带发挥作用的主要是命令控制型和市场激励型环境规制,自愿参与型环境规制对国际R&D溢出效应的激励作用尚未完全显现。结论在一定程度上印证了"波特假说"在开放条件下也是成立的,最后依据上述结论提出了相应的政策建议。

Based on the provincial panel data of Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2003 to 2014, this paper discusses the influence of different types of environmental regulations on international R＆D spillover effect. Through the objective weighting of entropy method, building three kinds of environmental regulation indices, such as order-driven, market-driven and voluntary-driven, furtherinvestigated the influence of different types of environmental regulations on international R＆D spillovers, the study shows that： （1） The environmental regulation has a ＂Anti-N＂ curve relation to the international R＆D spill level. Although the types are different, showing a tendency that the international R＆D spillover effect decreases first, then rises and then decreases with the increasing intensity of environmental regulation. （2） Different types of environmental regulation are heterogeneous to the international R＆D spillovers. The order-driven and market-driven environmental regulation play major roles in the Yangtze River economic belt currently, and the incentive effect of voluntary participatory environmental regulation on the international R＆D spillover effect has not beenfully present yet. The conclusions of this paper confirms that the ＂ Porter hypothesis＂ is also established under open conditionsin someextent. Finally, according to the above-mentionedconclusions, we put forward some corresponding policy recommendations.