论家庭与社会保障互补:女性两种就业方式与人的发展选择

Complementary Mechanism Between Family and Social Security:Two Kinds of Employment of the Female and Choice of Human Development

女性因性别比较优势和生理特点而决定了其较多分担家庭劳动并在社会市场化劳动中的参与率低于男性,尽管中国的女性劳动参与率与世界相比不低,但作为一个社会群体而存在的生存、发展状态,会因就业差异而产生相对弱势状态依然十分明显,角色紧张导致的顾此失彼使女性在职场的就业绩效并不令人满意,作为家庭劳动部分的价值则往往容易因为缺乏合适的评价机制而被低估。有意识地提出家庭保障机制作为被社会公共政策所承认的制度安排,通过政策和法律体系的规范对这一部分非正式就业的价值予以肯定,不仅有利于认识女性就业方式的特殊性,也有利于为女性在其人的发展之经济基础上构建起必要的制度。

Due to the gender comparative advantage and physiological characteristics, the female take more share in the family labor and their labor participation rate in the market is lower than the male. Chinese female labor force participation rate is not low. However, the female still have a relatively weak state in their survival and development due to the differences in employment. The tension of the female in the workplace make their job performance is not in satisfactory, and as a part of the family labor, the female＇s value is often being underestimated. We have to put forward family safeguard mechanism as the institutional arrangement of social public policy, through this mechanism to give the female confirmation on their the informal labor value in the family. In this way, we can not only conducive to understand the special nature of the female employment, but also conducive to etablish the necessary system for the female in economic development on the basis of the human development.