居民收入差距接纳度的调查与思考

Survey on the Acceptability of Resident's Income Gap

坚持共享发展客观上要求利用科学的制度,来调节过大的居民收入差距。采取调节居民收入差距的政策措施不仅需要基尼系数等客观数据,也需要通过实地调查了解居民怎样看待当前的收入差距问题,特别是居民接受差距的程度。文章通过访谈、特别是调查问卷等方法,在中国的多个省、市、自治区进行了较大规模的实地调查,在对访谈资料与调查问卷进行统计分析的基础上,着重对居民自己收入的层次判断、居民收入的满意程度、居民能够接受收入差距程度的大小、居民接受引致收入差距因素的状况、收入差距及其扩大给经济社会带来的影响、调节收入差距措施能否得到居民的拥护等进行了统计分析,并提出了引导居民接纳合理的收入差距、把收入差距调节在大多数居民可接受的范围内等政策建议。

Regulating excess gap of income with scientific institutions becomes an objective demand to persist sharing development. The policies of regulating income gap need not only the objective data such as the Gini coefficient, but also the field survey of the residents＇ attitude on the current income gap, especially the acceptability of the income gap. This paper, through large-scale field survey via interview especially the methods of questionnaire in numbers of provinces of China, based on statistical analysis of the interview and questionnaire material, made a special effort on some statistical analysis, such as residents＇ judgment about their income levels, satisfaction of their income, the acceptability of income gap, the acceptability of the cause of income gap, the influence of excess income gap, and whether people support or not for the policies of regulating income gap. Finally, some suggestions were draw to guide residents to accept reasonable income gap and adjust the gap to the most acceptable range of most people.