自动与非自动驾驶车辆在高速路上的互动策略

Interactive policy amongautomated and non-automated driving vehicles on highway

高速公路道路数量有限,但车辆众多,当交通流量超过道路网的设计能力时,将会导致交通拥堵。建立模型模拟目前拥挤的道路交通状况,通过加入自动驾驶车辆寻找可能改善道路拥堵状况的方式,以及通过制定一系列指标,确定自动驾驶汽车比例对交通效率的影响,并评估道路的通行能力。应用元胞自动机作为模型基础,考虑加速,减速,超车等情况,仿真得到在一定道路交通条件下道路承载能力,交通容量和车辆速度。该模式可移植性强,也适用于多车道下,拥堵和畅通等多种道路通行情况下的模拟。从结果可以看出,由于自动驾驶车辆需要较短安全距离,其百分比的适当增加可以改善道路交通效率。考虑多种影响因素,模拟得到车辆密度达到0.5时,最佳自动驾驶车辆占全部车辆比例约为0.6。

There are always traffic congestions when traffic flow exceeds the design capacity of road network.Establish a model to simulate the current road traffic situation during congestion.Adding self-driving vehicles in order to reduce the road congestion, then formulates a series of indicators to determine the proportion of self-driving cars influence on traffic performance, and evaluate the capacity of the road. Cellular automata is the basic of this model, it also takes cars' acceleration, deceleration and overtaking into consideration. The simulation gives out results in road carrying capacity, traffic capacity and vehicle speed under certain road conditions. The model is highly portable; it can be used to simulate the traffic congestion and unimpeded traffic in many lanes. The results claims that due to the short safety distance of the autonomous vehicle, the appropriate increase of the percentage can improve the roads' traffic performance. Given variety of factors, the best proportion of the self-driving vehicle is about 0.6 when the vehicle density reaches 0.5.