旱地马铃薯起垄施肥播种一体化栽培技术效果研究

The effect of integrated cultivation technology of potato in dryland

为了解决旱地马铃薯栽培中种植繁琐、成本高的问题,提出了旱地马铃薯施肥合理且利用机械一次性完成起垄施肥播种的一体化栽培技术,将其与传统技术比较,评价该技术对马铃薯产量、水分利用、养分吸收及经济效益的影响。结果表明:与传统技术相比,一体化栽培技术能够使马铃薯增产45.5%,水分利用效率达129.4 kg/(hm^2·mm),增幅为22.8%,同时对养分吸收有明显的促进作用,经济效益显著,净收入达10 025.0元/hm^2。一体化栽培技术不仅增产增收效果明显,而且在水分资源利用、养分吸收、节约劳力成本方面亦呈正效应,种植效果较好,较为适合高海拔雨养农业区推广。

In order to solve the problem of high cost and complicated planting of potato cultivation in dry land, the integrated cultivation technology of rational fertilization and ridging, fertilization and sowing at once by machinery were put forward and the effects were studied on potato yield, water use, nutrient absorption and economic benefits comparing with the traditional technology. The re-sults showed that compared with the traditional technology, the integrated cultivation technology could increase the yield of potato by 45. 5 % and the water use efficiency reached 129. 4 kg/ （hm2 ？ mm） with the increase of 22. 8 %. At the same time, the nutrient absorption had a significant effect and the economic effect was remarkable for the net income reaching 10 025. 0 yuan/hm^2. The integrated cultivation technology not only increases production and income obviously, but also has positive effect on the water resources utilization, nutrient absorption and saving labor costs. The technology is suitable for the popularization of high altitude rainfed area.